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In order to elucidate the roles of the composition-induced stress gradient and the traps formed by chromium atoms in carbon diffusion in AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel during low temperature gas phase carburization, the carbon concentration-depth profiles were analyzed by a diffusion model considering the composition-induced stress gradient and the trapping effect. The results show that the carbon concentration-depth profiles calculated by this model show good agreement with the experimental results. The composition-induced compressive stress gradient can enhance the carbon diffusion but reduce the surface carbon concentration; these effects are not pronounced. Carbon atoms prefer to occupy the trap sites, and the detrapping activation energy (Qt = 33 kJ·mol−1) was deduced from fitting the experimental carbon concentration-depth profile. Furthermore, this applied diffusion model can be used to interpret the enhanced carbon diffusion in low temperature carburized AISI 316L.

Numerical Analysis of Stress Gradient and Traps Effects on Carbon Diffusion in AISI 316L during Low Temperature Gas Phase Carburization