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A previously unreported chromene derivative, 1-hydroxy-12-methoxycitromycin ( 1c ), and four previously undescribed chromone derivatives, including pyanochromone ( 3b ), spirofuranochromone ( 4 ), 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxo-3-[(1 E )-3-oxobut-1-en-1-yl]-4 H -chromene-5-carboxylic acid ( 5 ), a pyranochromone dimer ( 6 ) were isolated, together with thirteen known compounds: β-sitostenone, ergosterol 5,8-endoperoxide, citromycin ( 1a ), 12-methoxycitromycin ( 1b ), myxotrichin D ( 1d ), 12-methoxycitromycetin ( 1e ), anhydrofulvic acid ( 2a ), myxotrichin C ( 2b ), penialidin D ( 2c ), penialidin F ( 3a ), SPF-3059-30 ( 7 ), GKK1032B ( 8 ) and secalonic acid A ( 9 ), from cultures of the marine sponge- associated fungus Penicillium erubescens KUFA0220. Compounds 1a ⁻ e , 2a , 3a , 4 , 7 ⁻ 9 , were tested for their antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative reference and multidrug-resistant strains isolated from the environment. Only 8 exhibited an in vitro growth inhibition of all Gram-positive bacteria whereas 9 showed growth inhibition of methicillin-resistant Staphyllococus aureus (MRSA). None of the compounds were active against Gram-negative bacteria tested.

marine drugs

Chromone Derivatives and Other Constituents from Cultures of the Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus Penicillium erubescens KUFA0220 and Their Antibacterial Activity