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Six new polyoxygenated cembrane-based diterpenoids, stellatumolides A⁻C ( 1 ⁻ 3 ), stellatumonins A and B ( 4 and 5 ), and stellatumonone ( 6 ), were isolated together with ten known related compounds ( 7 ⁻ 16 ) from the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of soft coral Sarcophyton stellatum . The structures of the new compounds were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and data comparison with related structures. Compounds 8 and 14 were isolated from a natural source for the first time. The isolated metabolites were shown to be not cytotoxic against a limited panel of cancer cells. Compound 9 showed anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the expression of proinflammatory cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) proteins in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse leukaemic monocyte macrophage (RAW 264.7) cells.

Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Cembranoids from a Dongsha Atoll Soft Coral Sarcophyton stellatum