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: Cembrane-type diterpenoids are among the most frequently encountered natural products from the soft corals of the genus Lobophytum . In the course of our investigation to identify anti-inflammatory constituents from a wild-type soft coral Lobophytum  crassum , two new cembranoids, lobophyolide A ( 1 ) and B ( 2 ), along with five known compounds ( 3 - 7 ), were isolated. The structures of these natural products were identified using NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses. Compound 1 was found to possess the first identified α -epoxylactone group among all cembrane-type diterpenoids. The in vitro anti-inflammatory effect of compounds 1- 5 was evaluated. The results showed that compounds 1- 5 not only reduced IL-12 release, but also attenuated NO production in LPS-activated dendritic cells. Our data indicated that the isolated series of cembrane-type diterpenoids demonstrated interesting structural features and anti-inflammatory activity which could be further developed into therapeutic entities.

Anti-Inflammatory Cembranoids from the Soft Coral Lobophytum crassum