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Two series of Co/Co-oxide nanostructures have been synthesized by the co-precipitation method followed by different reduction and oxidation processes in an attempt to optimize their exchange bias (EB) properties. The samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) magnetometry. The two series differ with respect to their average Co core grain sizes: in one (the l-series), the size is ≈100 nm, and in the other (the s-series, obtained using lower synthesis temperatures than the l-series), it is ≈10 nm. In the l-series, progressive oxidation yields an increase in the EB field together with a reduction in Co core size. In contrast, progressive oxidation in the s-series results in growth of the Co-oxide fraction at the expense of the Co core upon oxidation, which is accompanied by a decrease in the EB effect that is attributed to an ordering of the ferromagnetic–antiferromagnetic interface and therefore a reduction of uncompensated spins density. These results illustrate how the interface details become relevant only for small enough ferromagnetic cores.

Core Size and Interface Impact on the Exchange Bias of Cobalt/Cobalt Oxide Nanostructures