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Fullerenes C 60 have attracted considerable attention in the biomedical field due to their interesting properties. Although there has been a concern that C 60 could be metabolized to hydroxylated fullerenes (C 60 (OH)  x  ) in vivo , there is little information on the effect of hydroxylated C 60 on liver cells. In the present study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effects of fullerene C 60 and various hydroxylated C 60 derivatives, C 60 (OH)₂, C 60 (OH) 6-12 , C 60 (OH) 12 and C 60 (OH) 36 , with three different types of liver cells, dRLh-84, HepG2 and primary cultured rat hepatocytes. C 60 , C 60 (OH)₂ and C 60 (OH) 36 exhibited little or no cytotoxicity in all of the cell types, while C 60 (OH) 6-12 and C 60 (OH) 12 induced cytotoxic effects in dRLh-84 cells, accompanied by the appearance of numerous vacuoles around the nucleus. Moreover, mitochondrial activity in liver cells was significantly inhibited by C 60 (OH) 6-12 and C 60 (OH) 12 . These results indicate that the number of hydroxyl groups on C 60 (OH)  x  contribute to the difference of their cytotoxic potential and mitochondrial damage in liver cells.

Cytotoxic Effects of Hydroxylated Fullerenes in Three Types of Liver Cells