English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

The development of an optimal low-calcium alkali-activated binder for high-temperature stability based on ferronickel slag, silica fume, potassium hydroxide, and potassium silicate was investigated based on Mixture Design of Experiment (Mixture DOE). Mass loss, shrinkage/expansion, and compressive and flexural strengths before and after exposure to a high thermal load (900 °C for two hours) were selected as performance markers. Chemical activator minimization was considered in the selection of the optimal mix to reduce CO 2 emissions. Unheated 42-day compressive strength was found to be as high as 99.6 MPa whereas the 42-day residual compressive strength after exposure to the high temperature reached 35 MPa (results pertaining to different mixes). Similarly, the maximum unheated 42-day flexural strength achieved was 8.8 MPa, and the maximum residual flexural strength after extreme temperature exposure was 2.5 MPa. The binder showed comparable properties to other alkali-activated ones already studied and a superior thermal performance when compared to Ordinary Portland Cement. A quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis was performed on selected hardened mixes, and fayalite was found to be an important component in the optimal formulation. A life-cycle analysis was performed to study the CO 2 savings, which corresponded to 55% for economic allocation.

Optimal Design of Ferronickel Slag Alkali-Activated Material for High Thermal Load Applications Developed by Design of Experiment