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This article presents the results of tests conducted on the average and instantaneous friction coefficients of railway vehicle disc brakes. The tests were carried out independently of various states of wear on the friction linings and the brake disc. The requirements of the International Union of Railways (UIC) regarding the approval of brake linings for use were taken into account. Based on many years of research using a brake bench to test railway disc brakes, the authors developed multiple regression models for the average friction coefficient and fluctuations (tolerances) in the instantaneous friction coefficient and achieved 870 results. The models proposed three types of variables: the input braking parameters (speed, pressure, and mass to be braked), operational parameters (the wear on the friction linings and the brake disc), and design parameters (perforations in the form of holes on the disc surface). The above two models were validated on the basis of 384 brakes, and in subsequent stages a further evaluation was performed. The coefficients were determined to be, respectively, 0.99 for the model of the average friction coefficient and 0.71 for the model of tolerance (fluctuations) of the instantaneous friction coefficient.

Modeling the Average and Instantaneous Friction Coefficient of a Disc Brake on the Basis of Bench Tests