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Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag was modified by adding 3.5% SiO 2 and holding at 1673 K for 0, 5, 40, 90, 240, or 360 min. Kilo-scale modification was also carried out. The growth, stratification, and liberation of P-rich C 2 S in the modified slag were investigated. The optimum holding time was 240 min, and 90% of C 2 S grains were above 30 μm in size. The phosphorus content increased with holding time, and after modification, the phosphorus content in C 2 S was nearly three times higher than that in the original slag (2.23%). Obvious stratification of C 2 S was observed in the kilo-scale modification. Upper C 2 S particles with a relatively larger size of 20-110 μm was independent of RO (FeO-MgO-MnO solid solution) and spinel, which is favorable for liberation. Lower C 2 S was less than 3 μm and was embedded in spinel, which is not conducive to liberation. The content of phosphorus in upper C 2 S (6.60%) was about twice that of the lower (3.80%). After grinding, most of the upper C 2 S existed as free particles and as locked particles in the lower. The liberation degree of C 2 S in the upper increased with grinding time, from 86.02% to 95.92% in the range of 30-300 s, and the optimum grinding time was 180 s. For the lower slag grinding for 300 s, the liberation degree of C 2 S was 40.07%.

Growth, Stratification, and Liberation of Phosphorus-Rich C2S in Modified BOF Steel Slag