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This study focuses on the corrosion mechanism of carbon steel exposed to an artificial geothermal brine influenced by carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) gas. The tested brine simulates a geothermal source in Sibayak, Indonesia, containing 1500 mg/L of Cl - , 20 mg/L of SO 4  2- , and 15 mg/L of HCO 3  - with pH 4. To reveal the temperature effect on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel, exposure and electrochemical tests were carried out at 70 °C and 150 °C. Surface analysis of corroded specimens showed localized corrosion at both temperatures, despite the formation of corrosion products on the surface. After 7 days at 150 °C, SEM images showed the formation of an adherent, dense, and crystalline FeCO 3 layer. Whereas at 70 °C, the corrosion products consisted of chukanovite (Fe 2 (OH) 2 CO 3 ) and siderite (FeCO 3 ), which are less dense and less protective than that at 150 °C. Control experiments under Ar-environment were used to investigate the corrosive effect of CO 2 . Free corrosion potential (E corr ) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirm that at both temperatures, the corrosive effect of CO 2 was more significant compared to that measured in the Ar-containing solution. In terms of temperature effect, carbon steel remained active at 70 °C, while at 150 °C, it became passive due to the FeCO 3 formation. These results suggest that carbon steel is more susceptible to corrosion at the near ground surface of a geothermal well, whereas at a deeper well with a higher temperature, there is a possible risk of scaling (FeCO 3 layer). A longer exposure test at 150 °C with a stagnant solution for 28 days, however, showed the unstable FeCO 3 layer and therefore a deeper localized corrosion compared to that of seven-day exposed specimens.

Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Artificial Geothermal Brine: Influence of Carbon Dioxide at 70 °C and 150 °C