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Microbial natural biocides have attracted much more attention in recent years in order to avoid the unrestricted use of chemical biocides in the environment. The aim of this study is to analyze the antibacterial and antifungal activities of secondary metabolites and growth promoting, nematicidal, and soil enzyme activity mediated by  Trichoderma hamatum  FB10. The bactericidal and fungicidal activities were performed using cell-free extract. Results revealed that the selected strain exert antibacterial activity against  Acidovorax avenae ,  Erutimacarafavora , and  Xanthomonas campestris . The selected fungal strain FB10 showed antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens such as,  S. sclerotiorum ,  Rhizoctonia solani ,  Alternaria radicina ,  Alternaria citri , and  Alternaria dauci . Among the bacterial pathogens,  A. avenae  showed least MIC (30 ± 2.5 µg/mL) and MBC (70 ± 1.25 µg/mL) values.  T. hamatum  FB10 strain synthesized bioactive volatile secondary metabolite, which effectively inhibited the growth of bacteria and fungi and indicated the presence of 6-pentyl-alpha-pyrone as the major compound (67.05%). The secondary metabolite synthesized by  T. hamatum  FB10 showed nematicidal activity against  M. incognita  eggs. Egg hatch inhibition was 78 ± 2.6% and juvenile stage mortality rate was 89 ± 2.5% when the strain FB10 was treated with nematode. The cell free extract of  T. hamatum  FB10 showed protease, amylase, cellulase, chitinase, glucanase activities.  T. hamatum  FB10 inoculated with green gram increased 11% plant height, compared to the control. The fresh weight of the experimental group inoculated with  T. hamatum  FB10 increased 33.6% more compared to the control group. The green gram seedlings inoculated with  T. hamatum  FB10 increased 18% more dry weight than control group. Soil enzymes such as, urease, phosphatase, catalase and saccharase were improved in the soil inoculated with  T. hamatum  FB10. These biochemical components play potent role in soil fertility, energy conversion, and in soil organic matter conversion.

In Vitro Antibacterial, Antifungal, Nematocidal and Growth Promoting Activities of Trichoderma hamatum FB10 and Its Secondary Metabolites