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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most frequently occurring concomitant diseases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It is characterized by small airways and the hyperinflation of the lung. Patients with hyperinflated lung tend to have more reserved lung function than conventionally predicted after lung cancer surgery. The aim of this study was to identify other indicators in predicting postoperative lung function after lung resection for lung cancer. Patients with NSCLC who underwent curative lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection from 2017 to 2019 were included. Predicted postoperative FEV 1 (ppoFEV 1 ) was calculated using the formula: preoperative FEV 1 × (19 segments-the number of segments to be removed) ÷ 19. The difference between the measured postoperative FEV 1 and ppoFEV 1 was defined as an outcome. Patients were categorized into two groups: preserved FEV 1 if the difference was positive and non-preserved FEV 1 , if otherwise. In total, 238 patients were included: 74 (31.1%) in the FEV 1 non-preserved group and 164 (68.9%) in the FEV 1 preserved group. The proportion of preoperative residual volume (RV)/total lung capacity (TLC) ≥ 40% in the FEV 1 non-preserved group (21.4%) was lower than in the preserved group (36.1%) ( p = 0.03). In logistic regression analysis, preoperative RV/TLC ≥ 40% was related to postoperative FEV1 preservation. (adjusted OR, 2.02, p = 0.041). Linear regression analysis suggested that preoperative RV/TLC was positively correlated with a significant difference. ( p = 0.004) Preoperative RV/TLC ≥ 40% was an independent predictor of preserved lung function in patients undergoing curative lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection. Preoperative RV/TLC is positively correlated with postoperative lung function.

The Value of Residual Volume/Total Lung Capacity as an Indicator for Predicting Postoperative Lung Function in Non-Small Lung Cancer