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Simple Summary  Termites play an important role in maintaining ecosystems, but they are also pests, exerting major economic impacts. Among the over 3000 known termite species,  Coptotermes  species and  Reticulitermes  species are the most common pest species. As one of the primary methods for controlling these subterranean termites, liquid termiticide is applied to the soil under and next to the building foundation to create a continuous chemical barrier. Nonrepellent slow-acting liquid termiticides, such as fipronil and imidacloprid, are used as the active ingredients in termite soil treatments. In the present study, to minimize the use of insecticides, a discontinuous soil treatment using fipronil was applied against subterranean termites, namely  Coptotermes formosanus  and  Reticulitermes speratus , instead of the traditional continuous chemical barrier of termiticides.  C. formosanus  and  R. speratus  colonies were subjected to discontinuous soil treatments with fipronil and were strongly affected by the treatment at the colony level, resulting in colony suppression and possible colony elimination. Termite activity in the treated colony of  C. formosanus  was not found for more than two years, while that of  R. speratus  was not detected for three years.    Abstract  We assessed the efficacy of a discontinuous soil treatment using a diluent of fipronil suspension concentrate in controlling colonies of  Coptotermes formosanus  and  Reticulitermes speratus . In-ground monitoring stations were installed at Isogi Park and Kindai University, and individual termites inhabiting the stations were collected for four or six years to determine the numbers and locations of colonies present in test areas before and after the discontinuous soil treatment. Microsatellite genotyping indicated that two  C. formosanus  and two  R. speratus  colonies in the test area at Isogi Park and five  R. speratus  colonies in the test area at Kindai University were active and that their territories fluctuated every year. One of the two  C. formosanus  colonies at Isogi Park and one of the five  R. speratus  colonies at Kindai University were subjected to discontinuous soil treatments with fipronil and were strongly affected by the treatment at the colony level, resulting in the suppression and possible elimination of colonies. Termite activity of the fipronil-treated colony of  C. formosanus  was detected within one week after the discontinuous soil treatment and was not found for more than two years (28 months), while termite activity of the fipronil-treated colony of  R. speratus  was detected within four days and three weeks after the discontinuous soil treatment and was not detected thereafter for three years. Fipronil residue analysis showed that workers of  C. formosanus  moved at least 28 m and that workers of  R. speratus  moved 6 m from the treated soil locations for up to three weeks.

insects

Colony Suppression and Possible Colony Elimination of the Subterranean Termites Coptotermes formosanus and Reticulitermes speratus by Discontinuous Soil Treatment Using a Diluent of Fipronil Suspension Concentrate