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Simple Summary   Liriomyza trifolii  is an important insect pest of many horticultural and vegetable crops, and it is also an important alien pest, which is increasingly harmful in most parts of China. Here, a dsRNA delivery method was established for  L. trifolii  and used to study two vacuolar-ATPase subunits ( V-ATPase B  and  V-ATPase D ) by microinjection. The dsRNA constructs reduced transcription of both  V-ATPases , and the knockdown of these genes resulted in increased mortality. This study is the first report on the RNA interference (RNAi)-based approach for  Liriomyza  spp., internal feeders. The use of RNAi technology in  L. trifolii  will contribute to the functional analysis of critical genes and may potentially provide a new idea for control strategies.    Abstract  The leafminer fly,  Liriomyza trifolii , is an invasive pest of vegetable and horticultural crops in China. In this study, a microinjection method based on dsRNA was developed for RNA interference (RNAi) in  L. trifolii  using genes encoding vacuolar-ATPase ( V-ATPase ). Expression analysis indicated that  V-ATPase B  and  V-ATPase D  were more highly expressed in  L. trifolii  adults than in larvae or pupae. Microinjection experiments with  dsV-ATPase B  and  dsV-ATPase D  were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of RNAi in  L. trifolii  adults. Expression analysis indicated that microinjection with 100 ng  dsV-ATPase B  or  dsV-ATPase  led to a significant reduction in  V-ATPase  transcripts as compared to that of the  dsGFP  control (dsRNA specific to green fluorescent protein). Furthermore, lower dsRNA concentrations were also effective in reducing the expression of target genes when delivered by microinjection. Mortality was significantly higher in  dsV-ATPase B-  and  dsV-ATPase D -treated insects than in controls injected with  dsGFP . The successful deployment of RNAi in  L. trifolii  will facilitate functional analyses of vital genes in this economically-important pest and may ultimately result in new control strategies.

RNA Interference of Genes Encoding the Vacuolar-ATPase in Liriomyza trifolii