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This study was conducted to evaluate the insecticidal effects of ethyl formate (EF), methyl bromide (MB), and phosphine (PH 3 ) fumigants against PH 3 -susceptible and -resistant strains of the rice weevil ( Sitophilus oryzae ), a major rice pest. The highest lethal concentration time 50 (LCt 50 ) values of the PH 3 -susceptible strains were 255.797, 21.104, and 6.171 mg h L -1 for EF, MB, and PH 3 , respectively, at pupal stage. The highest LCt 50 values of the PH 3 -resistant strains were 149.028 and 48.170 mg h L -1 for EF and PH 3 , respectively, at late larval stage, and 43.520 mg h L -1 for MB at pupal stage. In comparison to the susceptible strains, the PH 3 -resistant strain collected in South Korea had a resistance level 4 to 56 times higher. Use of the major quarantine fumigants EF, MB, and PH 3 indicated the existence of PH 3 -resistant rice weevils in South Korea for the first time.

Insecticidal Effects of Fumigants (EF, MB, and PH3) towards Phosphine-Susceptible and -Resistant Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)