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The genetic-based sterile insect technique (SIT) is an effective and environmentally safe strategy to diminish populations of agricultural and horticultural insect pests. Functional characterization of genes related to male fertility can enhance the genetic-based SIT.  Tssk1  has been involved to control male fertility in both mammals and insects. Moreover,  Tektin1  has also been revealed to influence male fertility in both human and mammals. These findings suggested that  Tssk1  and  Tektin1  identified from  Bactrocera dorsalis  could be required for male fertility in  B. dorsalis . In this study, expression profiles of these two genes were studied at different developmental stages and in various tissues of adult males. Remarkably, it was found that  Tssk1  and  Tektin1  were highly expressed in the testis of mature adult males of  B. dorsalis . Furthermore,  Tssk1  and  Tektin1  genes were downregulated by using the RNA interference (RNAi) method. Fertility assays including egg laying, hatching, and spermatozoa count were also performed to investigate male fertility of  B. dorsalis . Results showed that knockdown of  Tssk1  and  Tektin1  caused male sterility up to 58.99% and 64.49%, respectively. As expected, the total numbers of spermatozoa were also significantly reduced by 65.83% and 73.9%, respectively. These results suggested that male sterility was happened wing to the low number of spermatozoa. In conclusion, we demonstrate that  Tssk1  and  Tektin1  are the novel agents that could be used to enhance the genetic-based SIT, or their double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) can be used as biopesticides to control the population of  B. dorsalis .

RNAi-Mediated Knockdown of Tssk1 and Tektin1 Genes Impair Male Fertility in Bactrocera dorsalis