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Lesion mimic mutants (LMMs) are ideal materials for studying cell death and resistance mechanisms. Here, we identified and mapped a novel rice LMM, g380 . The g380 exhibits a spontaneous hypersensitive response-like cell death phenotype accompanied by excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upregulated expression of pathogenesis-related genes, as well as enhanced resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ( Xoo ). Using a map-based cloning strategy, a 184,916 bp deletion on chromosome 2 that overlaps with the diterpenoid biosynthetic gene cluster was identified in g380 . Accordingly, the content of diterpenoids decreased in g380 . In addition, lignin, one of the physical lines of plant defense, was increased in g380 . RNA-seq analysis showed 590 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEG) between the wild-type 9311 and g380 , 585 of which were upregulated in g380 . Upregulated genes in g380 were mainly enriched in the monolignol biosynthesis branches of the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, the plant-pathogen interaction pathway and the phytoalexin-specialized diterpenoid biosynthesis pathway. Taken together, our results indicate that the diterpenoid biosynthetic gene cluster on chromosome 2 is involved in immune reprogramming, which in turn regulates cell death in rice.

Deletion of Diterpenoid Biosynthetic Genes CYP76M7 and CYP76M8 Induces Cell Death and Enhances Bacterial Blight Resistance in Indica Rice ‘9311’