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(1) Background: As a novel type of non-coding RNA with a stable closed-loop structure, circular RNA (circRNA) can interact with microRNA (miRNA) and influence the expression of miRNA target genes. However, circRNA involved in pituitary growth hormone (GH) regulation is poorly understood. Our previous study revealed protein kinase C alpha (PRKCA) as the target gene of miR-709. Currently, the expression and function of rno_circRNA_0001004 in the rat pituitary gland is not clarified; (2) Methods: In this study, both bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase report assays showed a target relationship between rno_circRNA_0001004 and miR-709. Furthermore, the rno_circRNA_0001004 overexpression vector and si-circ_0001004 were constructed and transfected into GH3 cells; (3) Results: We found that rno_circRNA_0001004 expression was positively correlated with the PRKCA gene and GH expression levels, while it was negatively correlated with miR-709. In addition, overexpression of rno-circ_0001004 also promoted proliferation and relieved the inhibition of miR-709 in GH3 cells; (4) Conclusions: Our findings show that rno_circ_0001004 acts as a novel sponge for miR-709 to regulate GH synthesis and cell proliferation, and are the first case of discovery of the regulatory role of circRNA_0001004 in pituitary GH.

Rno_circ_0001004 Acts as a miR-709 Molecular Sponge to Regulate the Growth Hormone Synthesis and Cell Proliferation