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SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE  ( SVP ) genes are members of the well-known MADS-box gene family that play a key role in regulating vital developmental processes in plants.  Hemerocallis  are perennial herbs that exhibit continuous flowering development and have been extensively used in landscaping. However, there are few reports on the regulatory mechanism of flowering in  Hemerocallis . To better understand the molecular basis of floral formation of  Hemerocallis , we identified and characterized the  SVP -like gene  HkSVP  from the  Hemerocallis  cultivar ‘Kanai Sensei’. Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) indicated that  HkSVP  transcript was mainly expressed in the vegetative growth stage and had the highest expression in leaves, low expression in petals, pedicels and fruits, and no expression in pistils. The HkSVP encoded protein was localized in the nucleus of  Arabidopsis  protoplasts and the nucleus of onion epidermal cells. Yeast two hybrid assay revealed that HKSVP interacted with  Hemerocallis  AP1 and TFL1. Moreover, overexpression of  HkSVP  in  Arabidopsis  resulted in delayed flowering and abnormal phenotypes, including enriched trichomes, increased basal inflorescence branches and inhibition of inflorescence formation. These observations suggest that the  HkSVP  gene may play an important role in maintaining vegetative growth by participating in the construction of inflorescence structure and the development of flower organs.

international journal of molecular sciences

Molecular Characterization and Expression Patterns of the HkSVP Gene Reveal Distinct Roles in Inflorescence Structure and Floral Organ Development in Hemerocallis fulva