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Hydrocarbon stapling is a useful tool for stabilizing the secondary structure of peptides. Among several methods, hydrocarbon stapling at i , i + 1 positions was not extensively studied, and their secondary structures are not clarified. In this study, we investigate i , i + 1 hydrocarbon stapling between cis -4-allyloxy-l-proline and various olefin-tethered amino acids. Depending on the ring size of the stapled side chains and structure of the olefin-tethered amino acids, E- or Z -selectivities were observed during the ring-closing metathesis reaction ( E / Z was up to 8.5:1 for 17-14-membered rings and up to 1:20 for 13-membered rings). We performed X-ray crystallographic analysis of hydrocarbon stapled peptide at i , i + 1 positions. The X-ray crystallographic structure suggested that the i , i + 1 staple stabilizes the peptide secondary structure to the right-handed α-helix. These findings are especially important for short oligopeptides because the employed stapling method uses two minimal amino acid residues adjacent to each other.

X-ray Crystallographic Structure of α-Helical Peptide Stabilized by Hydrocarbon Stapling at i,i + 1 Positions