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Catalase (CAT) is an antioxidant enzyme expressed by the  CAT  gene family and exists in almost all aerobic organisms. Environmental stresses induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that eventually hinder plant growth and development. The CAT enzyme translates the hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) to water (H 2 O) and reduce the ROS levels to shelter the cells’ death. So far, the  CAT  gene family has not been reported in rapeseed ( Brassica napus  L.). Therefore, a genome-wide comprehensive analysis was conducted to classify the  CAT  genes in the rapeseed genome. The current study identified 14  BnCAT  genes in the rapeseed genome. Based on phylogenetic and synteny analysis, the  BnCATs  belong to four groups (Groups I–IV). A gene structure and conserved motif analysis showed that Group I, Group II, and Group IV possess almost the same intron/exon pattern, and an equal number of motifs, while Group III contains diverse structures and contain 15 motifs. By analyzing the  cis -elements in the promoters, we identified five hormone-correlated responsive elements and four stress-related responsive elements. Further, six putative bna-miRNAs were also identified, targeting three genes ( BnCAT4, BnCAT6,  and  BnCAT8 ). Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the  BnCAT  genes were largely related to cellular organelles, ROS response, stimulus response, stress response, and antioxidant enzymes. Almost 10  BnCAT  genes showed higher expression levels in different tissues, i.e., root, leaf, stem, and silique. The expression analysis showed that  BnCAT1–BnCAT3  and  BnCAT11–BnCAT13  were significantly upregulated by cold, salinity, abscisic acid (ABA), and gibberellic acid (GA) treatment, but not by drought and methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Notably, most of the genes were upregulated by waterlogging stress, except  BnCAT6, BnCAT9 , and  BnCAT10 . Our results opened new windows for future investigations and provided insights into the  CAT  family genes in rapeseed.

international journal of molecular sciences

Catalase (CAT) Gene Family in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.): Genome-Wide Analysis, Identification, and Expression Pattern in Response to Multiple Hormones and Abiotic Stress Conditions