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Drought stress is one of the major environmental problems in the growth of crops and woody perennials, but it is getting worse due to the global climate crisis. XERICO, a RING (Really Interesting New Gene) zinc-finger E3 ubiquitin ligase, has been shown to be a positive regulator of drought tolerance in plants through the control of abscisic acid (ABA) homeostasis. We characterized a poplar ( Populus trichocarpa ) RING protein family and identified the closest homolog of  XERICO  called  PtXERICO . Expression of  PtXERICO  is induced by both salt and drought stress, and by ABA treatment in poplars. Overexpression of  PtXERICO  in Arabidopsis confers salt and ABA hypersensitivity in young seedlings, and enhances drought tolerance by decreasing transpirational water loss. Consistently, transgenic hybrid poplars overexpressing  PtXERICO  demonstrate enhanced drought tolerance with reduced transpirational water loss and ion leakage. Subsequent upregulation of genes involved in the ABA homeostasis and drought response was confirmed in both transgenic Arabidopsis and poplars. Taken together, our results suggest that  PtXERICO  will serve as a focal point to improve drought tolerance of woody perennials.

Overexpression of a Poplar RING-H2 Zinc Finger, Ptxerico, Confers Enhanced Drought Tolerance via Reduced Water Loss and Ion Leakage in Populus