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Host genetic predispositions to dysregulated immune response can influence the development of the aggressive form of periodontitis (AgP) through susceptibility to oral dysbiosis and subsequent host-microbe interaction. This case-control study aimed to perform a multilocus analysis of functional variants in selected interleukin ( IL ) genes in patients with the generalized form of AgP in a homogenous population. Twelve polymorphisms in IL-1 gene cluster, IL-6 and its receptor, IL-10 , IL-17A , and IL-18 were determined in 91 AgP patients and 210 controls. Analysis of seven selected periodontal bacteria in subgingival sulci/pockets was performed with a commercial DNA-microarray kit in a subgroup of 76 individuals. The pilot in vitro study included stimulation of peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC) from 20 individuals with periodontal bacteria and measurement of IL-10 levels using the Luminex method. Only the unctional polymorphism IL‑10 -1087 A/G (rs1800896) and specific IL-10 haplotypes were associated with the development of the disease ( P &lt; 0.05, P  corr &gt; 0.05). Four bacterial species occurred more frequently in AgP than in controls ( P &lt; 0.01, P  corr &lt; 0.05). Elevated IL-10 levels were found in AgP patients, carriers of IL‑10 -1087GG genotype, and PBMCs stimulated by periodontal bacteria ( P &lt; 0.05, P  corr &gt; 0.05). We therefore conclude that a combination of genetic predisposition to the altered expression of IL-10 and the presence of specific periodontal bacteria may contribute to Th1/Th2 balance disruption and AgP development.

Interleukin Gene Variability and Periodontal Bacteria in Patients with Generalized Aggressive Form of Periodontitis