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Differentiation and variation in body color has been a growing limitation to the commercial value of red tilapia. Limited microRNA (miRNA) information is available on skin color differentiation and variation in fish so far. In this study, a high-throughput Illumina sequencing of sRNAs was conducted on three color varieties of red tilapia and 81,394,491 raw reads were generated. A total of 158 differentially expressed miRNAs (|log₂(fold change)| &amp;ge; 1 and q -value &amp;le; 0.001) were identified. Target prediction and functional analysis of color-related miRNAs showed that a variety of putative target genes&amp;mdash;including slc7a11 , mc1r and asip &amp;mdash;played potential roles in pigmentation. Moreover; the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was illustrated to elucidate the pigmentation differentiation, in which miR-138-5p and miR-722 were predicted to play important roles in regulating the pigmentation process. These results advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of skin pigmentation differentiation in red tilapia.

Comparative microRNA-seq Analysis Depicts Candidate miRNAs Involved in Skin Color Differentiation in Red Tilapia