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This study evaluates the potential of airborne remote sensing images to detectwater stress in maize. Visible and near infrared CASI (Itres Research Ltd., Canada) andthermal AHS-160 (Sensytech Inc., USA) data were acquired at three different times duringthe day on a maize field (Zea mays L.) grown with three different irrigation treatments. Anintensive field campaign was also conducted concurrently with image acquisition tomeasure leaf ecophysiological parameters and the Leaf Area Index (LAI). The analysis ofthe field data showed that maize plants were experiencing moderate to severe water stressin rainfed plots and a weaker stress condition in the plots with water deficit imposedbetween stem elongation and flowering. Vegetation indices including the normalizeddifference vegetation index (NDVI) and the photochemical reflectance index (PRI)computed from the CASI images, sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence and canopytemperature (Tc) showed different performances in describing the water stress during theday. During the morning overpasses NDVI was the index with the highest discriminantpower. As the day progressed, processes related to heat dissipation through planttranspiration became more and more important and at midday Tc showed the bestperformances. Furthermore, Tc retrieved from the midday image was the only index ableto distinguish all the three classes of water status. Finally, during the afternoon PRI andF760 showed the best performances. These results demonstrate the feasibility to detectwater stress using thermal and optical airborne data, pointing out the importance of acareful planning of the airborne surveys as a function of the specific aims of the study.JRC.H.4-Monitoring Agricultural Resource

Discriminating Irrigated and Rainfed Maize with Diurnal Fluorescence and Canopy Temperature Airborne Maps