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Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship of job stress, burnout, and resilience of 271 nurses who worked alternately at a university hospital in South Korea Province and a state-designated inpatient ward for COVID-19 in Korea. Methods: The study sample included nurses who worked at a university hospital in South Korea, during the period between February 2020 and May 2021. The participants (n = 271) responded to an online survey between April 2021 and 12 May 2021. The questionnaire included information related to job stress, burn out, and resilience. Results: In phase 1 of regression, job stress had a significant negative effect on resilience of recovery (β = −0.397, p &lt; 0.001). In phase 2, job stress had a significant positive effect on burnout (β = 0.513, p &lt; 0.001). In phase 3, resilience had a significant negative effect on burnout (β = −0.459, p &lt; 0.001). Seventy-five percent of burnout was directly associated with job stress, while 25% of burnout was indirectly associated through mediated effects, through resilience. Conclusions: The promotion of resilience would not only serve as the basis for active coping in situations where burnout and stress are severe, but also serve as a basic driving force for actively overcoming them. Further study to cope with stress and reduce burnout at the organizational level should be conducted.

Effect of Job Stress on Burnout among Nurses Responding to COVID-19: The Mediating Effect of Resilience