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Background:  The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between physical activity (PA) levels and mental health in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI).  Methods:  Three hospitals in the Seoul metropolitan area were invited to recruit patients with SCI ( n  = 103). PA levels were measured by the Leisure Score Index of the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ). The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were used to assess mental health.  Results:  Compared to the least physically active participants (1st tertile, 44.09 ± 52.74 min/week), the most physically active participants (3rd tertile, 670.86 ± 354.97 min/week) scored significantly lower on PHQ-9 (17.03 ± 5.70 vs. 12.49 ± 4.01,  p  < 0.001), GAD-7 (13.24 ± 4.78 vs. 9.86 ± 3.15,  p  < 0.001), while significantly higher MSPSS (51.24 ± 10.17 vs. 61.37 ± 11.90,  p  < 0.001) after the results were adjusted for age, gender, American Spinal Cord Injury Association impairment scale, and impaired spinal cord levels. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the PA was a significant predictor of depression (β = −1.50,  p  = 0.01), anxiety (β = −1.12,  p  = 0.02), and social support (β = 4.04,  p  = 0.01).  Conclusion:  Higher PA participation was associated with lower depression, anxiety, and higher social support scores.

The Relationship between Physical Activity Levels and Mental Health in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury in South Korea