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Open accessThis study investigates the hydrology of Castle River in the southern CanadianRocky Mountains. Temperature and precipitation data are analyzed regarding a climatetrend between 1960 and 2010 and a general warming is identified. Observed streamflow hasbeen declining in reaction to a decreasing snow cover and increasing evapotranspiration.To simulate the hydrological processes in the watershed, the physically based hydrologicalmodel WaSiM (Water Balance Simulation Model) is applied. Calibration and validationprovide very accurate results and also the observed declining runoff trend can be reproducedwith a slightly differing inclination. Besides climate change induced runoff variations, theimpact of a vast wildfire in 2003 is analyzed. To determine burned areas a remote sensingmethod of differenced burn ratios is applied using Landsat data. The results show goodagreement compared to observed fire perimeter areas. The impacts of the wildfires are evidentin observed runoff data. They also result in a distinct decrease in model efficiency if notconsidered via an adapted model parameterization, taking into account the modified land cover characteristics for the burned area. Results in this study reveal (i) the necessity to establishspecific land cover classes for burned areas; (ii) the relevance of climate and land cover changeon the hydrological response of the Castle River watershed; and (iii) the sensitivity of thehydrological model to accurately simulate the hydrological behavior under varying boundaryconditions. By these means, the presented methodological approach is considered robust toimplement a scenario simulations framework for projecting the impacts of future climate andland cover change in the vulnerable region of Alberta’s Rocky Mountains.Ye

Impacts of Forest Fires and Climate Variability on the Hydrology of an Alpine Medium Sized Catchment in the Canadian Rocky Mountains