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Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) are highly conserved proteins that are involved in the translocation of tRNA and play a key role in modulating plant senescence and multiple pathways. However, the functions of  VDACs  in plants are still poorly understood. Here, a novel  VDAC  gene was isolated and identified from alfalfa ( Medicago sativa  L.).  MsVDAC  localized to the mitochondria, and its expression was highest in alfalfa roots and was induced in response to cold, drought and salt treatment. Overexpression of  MsVDAC  in tobacco significantly increased MDA, GSH, soluble sugars, soluble protein and proline contents under cold and drought stress. However, the activities of SOD and POD decreased in transgenic tobacco under cold stress, while the O 2   -  content increased. Stress-responsive genes including  LTP1 ,  ERD10B  and  Hxk3  were upregulated in the transgenic plants under cold and drought stress. However,  GAPC ,  CBL1 ,  BI-1 ,  Cu/ZnSOD  and  MnSOD  were upregulated only in the transgenic tobacco plants under cold stress, and  GAPC ,  CBL1 , and  BI-1  were downregulated under drought stress. These results suggest that  MsVDAC  provides cold tolerance by regulating ROS scavenging, osmotic homeostasis and stress-responsive gene expression in plants, but the improved drought tolerance via  MsVDAC  may be mainly due to osmotic homeostasis and stress-responsive genes.

genes

Overexpression of a Voltage-Dependent Anion-Selective Channel (VDAC) Protein-Encoding Gene, MsVDAC, from Medicago sativa Confers Cold and Drought Tolerance to Transgenic Tobacco