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Brassica rapa  L. subsp.  rapa  (turnip greens), a traditionally consumed vegetable, is well-known due to its high content of glucosinolates, which are secondary metabolites with a positive biological activity for human health. Our hypothesis has been based on the relation between  B. rapa  glucosinolate content and its healthy properties, and our aim is to establish guidelines for safe  B. rapa  vegetable consumption. Three  B. rapa  cultivars (143N5, 143N7 and 163N7) have been characterized by HPLC analysis of purified extracts from leaf samples in order to determine their glucosinolate content and to relate this content to beneficial effects on DNA protection, lifespan extension and chemoprevention. In order to ascertain the heath properties in vitro and in vivo, toxicity activities were assayed in the  Drosophila melanogaster  and leukaemia cell models; genomic safety was also assessed in both models using genotoxicity, fragmentation and comet assay. The  Drosophila  model has also been used to study the antioxidative activity and the longevity induction. Our results showed a relationship between  B. rapa  glucosinolate content and its safety and benefices in its consumption. Gluconapin, the main  B. rapa  glucosinolate, was directly related with these wholesome effects. The relevant conclusion in the present research is focused on  B. rapa  cultivar 163N7 due to its high gluconapin content and low progoitrin content, which exert anti-cancer and DNA protection properties and could be recommended as being safe and healthy for human consumption.

Role of Glucosinolates in the Nutraceutical Potential of Selected Cultivars of Brassica rapa