English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

In this study, DOL of structural timber and the clear wood and DOL of modulus of elasticity of wood were investigated. The dimension lumber of Spruce-Pine-Fir of Grade No. 2 and Grade No. 3 and the small clear specimens of the same species of the dimension lumber were used to conduct the short-term and the long-term bending test. The short-term strength distributions of the dimension lumber and the small clear specimens were obtained. The long-term tests were conducted under constant environmental conditions for 18 months. The sample matching technique was used to estimate the short-term strength of the specimens that underwent long-term tests. It was found out that there is virtually no difference in DOL between different grades or quality of lumber and no difference between structural timber and clear wood, and DOL obtained from the test of this study is more in agreement with Wood’s curve. A threshold stress ratio of about 0.55, loaded above which the wood began to experience strength loss, was revealed from the test. Making use of the threshold ratio concept, the DOL of wood can be obtained not only from failed specimens under load in the process of the long-term loading, but also from the ramp loading test of the specimens that survived the long-term test. Sustained load also poses DOL on the modulus of elasticity of wood, though to less degree than DOL of strength of wood.

An Investigation of the Duration of Load of Structural Timber and the Clear Wood