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The ring and co-ring of biomass in pulverized coal red power plants around the world is expected to increase in the coming years. Torrefaction may prove to be a suitable way of upgrading biomass for such an application. For transport and storage purposes, the torreed biomass will tend to be in pellet form. Whilst standard methods for the assessment of the milling characteristics of coal exist, this is not the case for torreed materials—whether in pellet form or not. The grindability of the fuel directly impacts the overall efciency of the combustion process and as such it is an important parameter. In the present study, the grindability of different torreed biomass pellets was tested in three different laboratory mill types; cutting mill (CM), hammer mill (HM) and impact mill (IM). The specic grinding energy (SGE) required for a dened mass throughput of pellets in each mill was measured and results were compared to other pellet characterization methods (e.g., durability, and hardness) as well as the modied Hardgrove Index. Seven different torreed biomass pellets including willow, pine, beech, poplar, spruce, forest residue and straw were used as feedstock. On average, the particle-size distribution width (across all feedstock) was narrowest for the IM (0.41 mm), followed by the HM (0.51 mm) and widest for the CM (0.62 mm). Regarding the SGE, the IM consumed on average 8.23 Wh/kg while CM and HM consumed 5.15 and 5.24 Wh/kg, respectively. From the three mills compared in this study, the IM seems better t for being used in a standardized method that could be developed in the future, e.g., as an ISO standard

Torreﬁed Biomass Pellets—Comparing Grindability in Different Laboratory Mills