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To address such challenges as an uncertain number of demagnetization poles of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and cases in which the fault cannot be located, this paper proposes a fault identification and location methodology based on the analysis of the motor stator current. First, the influence of the irreversible demagnetization of permanent magnets on the analytical model of the back electromotive force (Back-EMF) of the rotor in a single motor stator slot is analyzed. Moreover, considering the topology of the motor, the influence of the demagnetization fault on the stator phase current and branch current is analyzed. Since the stator phase currents cannot diagnose the partial demagnetization faults of PMSM with some topological structures, the stator branch current is selected as the signal for the identification and localization of the demagnetization fault. Secondly, the demagnetization fault diagnosis and mode recognition of the motor are carried out through the amplitude of the real-time branch current and the harmonic components of the PMSM. A sample database of demagnetization faults is established through calculation and normalization of the residual value of the stator branch current and the branch current of the healthy motor after demagnetization in one pole order. The fault threshold is obtained by analyzing the residual of the branch current of uniform demagnetization and the Pearson correlation coefficient of the fault sample database. Then, the correlation coefficient between the real-time branch current residual value of PMSM and the fault sample database is analyzed, and the number of demagnetization poles and the fault location are determined by the number and location of the calculated correlation coefficient exceeding the threshold. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by the finite element analysis (FEA) results.

Demagnetization Fault Detection and Location in PMSM Based on Correlation Coefficient of Branch Current Signals