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This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) realization with an improved charge-based method by considering both voltage dependency parasitic capacitance and dead time in dual-active-bridge (DAB) converters, when the voltage ratio between the primary and secondary sides does not match the turn ratio of the transformer. For this purpose, a unified equivalent circuit is proposed to represent the switching motions at all possible switching instances under the condition of one-leg manipulation. The combinations of switching cases can be presented in a table to build the corresponding equivalent circuit for ZVS analysis. Combined with the improved charge-based method, the common solutions of the minimum required switching current and the appropriate dead-time range for each equivalent circuit to realize ZVS are deduced. The allowable range of the dead time for ZVS as a function of the switching current is analyzed to determine the appropriate dead time. Once the switching current and dead-time range are derived, the model-based lowest switching current control method can be used to achieve ZVS by using the appropriate amount of both factors. Experiments using a 4 kW DAB prototype were conducted to verify the theoretical analyses.

An Improved Charge-Based Method Extended to Estimating Appropriate Dead Time for Zero-Voltage-Switching Analysis in Dual-Active-Bridge Converter