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This paper presents the optimization of fuel cost, emission of NOX, COX, and SOX gases caused by the generators in a thermal power plant using penalty factor approach. Practical constraints such as generator limits and power balance were considered. Two contemporary metaheuristic techniques, particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA), have were simultaneously implemented for combined economic emission dispatch (CEED) of an independent power plant (IPP) situated in Pakistan for different load demands. The results are of great significance as the real data of an IPP is used and imply that the performance of PSO is better than that of GA in case of CEED for finding the optimal solution concerning fuel cost, emission, convergence characteristics, and computational time. The novelty of this work is the parallel implementation of PSO and GA techniques in MATLAB environment employed for the same systems. They were then compared in terms of convergence characteristics using 3D plots corresponding to fuel cost and gas emissions. These results are further validated by comparing the performance of both algorithms for CEED on IEEE 30 bus test bed.

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Implementation and Comparison of Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm Techniques in Combined Economic Emission Dispatch of an Independent Power Plant