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To address the problems of low efficiency and high fuel consumption during the cold start and warm-up processes of internal combustion engines, a series hybrid electric vehicle was selected as the research object and two optimal control strategies were designed. A bench test was performed to determine the following: (a) the influence of engine coolant temperature on effective thermal efficiency; and (b) the relationship between engine operating conditions and coolant temperature increase rate. On the basis of the test results, two sets of warm-up process optimization control strategies were designed using a dynamic programming method and a fuzzy control method based on equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS). The test results show that the fuzzy control method for the coolant temperature can effectively shorten the time required to warm up the engine, and the energy consumption of warm-up process can be reduced by nearly 10% through the dynamic programming method.

Optimal Control Strategy for Series Hybrid Electric Vehicles in the Warm-Up Process