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To give full play to battery capability, the state of power (SoP) should be predicted in real time to inform the vehicle control unit (VCU) whether the upcoming driving scenarios of acceleration overtaking, ramp climbing, constant cruising and feedback braking can be sustained. In general, battery SoP conforms to prescribed constraints on voltage, current, and state of charge (SoC). Specifically, this paper takes the generally ignored operating temperature into consideration based on a differential temperature-changing model. Consequently, a SoP prediction method restricted by both electrical and thermal constraints was obtained. Experimental verifications on a Li-ion battery pack suggest that the proposed SoP prediction method can provide favorable reliability and rationality against diverse time durations, temperatures, and aging states in comparison with the instantaneous power obtained using the hybrid power pulse characteristic (HPPC) method.

Predicting the State of Power of an Iron-Based Li-Ion Battery Pack Including the Constraint of Maximum Operating Temperature