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In this work, three deposited metals with different nickel (Ni) contents were produced by active gas metal arc welding (GMAW) in order to explore the influence of Ni on the microstructure evolution and toughness of 800 MPa grade low carbon bainite deposited metal. The results showed that microstructure of the deposited metals mainly consisted of lath bainite, lath martensite, coalesced bainite (CB), and retained austenite (RA), and that the toughness was closely related to two factors: CB and RA. RA in deposited metal could improve the toughness, while the CB would deteriorate the toughness of deposited metal. As the Ni content increased, a large amount of CB was generated in the deposited metals. The RA content increased from 1.5% to 5.7% with the content of Ni increasing from 5.5% to 6.5%. However, the RA content did not increase when the Ni content increased from 6.5% to 7.5%. Additionally, the smallest control unit of toughness in 800 MPa grade low carbon bainite deposited metals is the Bain Packet (BP) from the perspective of crystallography characteristics. This work provided a reference for the chemical composition design of 800 MPa grade steel welding consumables and showed that the toughness of the deposited metal could be improved effectively by increasing the RA content while suppressing the formation of CB.

The Effect of Nickel Contents on the Microstructure Evolution and Toughness of 800 MPa Grade Low Carbon Bainite Deposited Metal