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Manipulating spin currents in magnetic insulators is a key technology inspintronics. We theoretically study a simple inversion-asymmetric model ofquantum antiferromagnets, where both the exchange interaction and the magneticfield are staggered. We calculate spin currents generated by external electricand magnetic fields by using a quantum master equation. We show that an acelectric field with amplitude $E_0$ leads, through exchange-interactionmodulation, to the dc and second-harmonic spin currents proportional to$E_0^2$. We also show that dc and ac staggered magnetic fields $B_0$ generatethe dc and ac spin currents proportional to $B_0$, respectively. We elucidatethe mechanism by an exactly solvable model, and thereby propose the ways ofspin current manipulation by electromagnetic fields.

Generation of dc, ac, and second-harmonic spin currents by electromagnetic fields in an inversion-asymmetric antiferromagnet