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Increased activity of secretory phospholipases A 2 (sPLA 2 ) type-II was previously observed in ileum of Crohn's disease (CD). Our aims were to explore the involvement of calcium-independent (i)PLA 2 β in the release of sPLA 2 s from the human mast cell (MC) line (HMC-1) and investigate expressions of cytosolic (c)PLA 2 α, iPLA 2 β, sPLA 2 -IIA and sPLA 2 -V in MCs of CD ileum. The release of sPLA 2 was investigated in HMC-1 by immunocytochemistry and ELISA. The expression intensities of PLA 2 s in mucosal MCs, and the proportion of PLA 2 -positive MCs, were investigated in normal ileum and in ileum from patients with CD by immunohistochemistry. The calcium ionophore-stimulated release of sPLA 2 -IIA and sPLA 2 -V from HMC-1 was reduced by the iPLA 2 -inhibitor bromoenol lactone. All four PLA 2 s were detectable in mucosal MCs, both in normal ileum and in CD, but the proportion of iPLA 2 β-containing mucosal MCs and the expression intensity of sPLA 2 -IIA was increased in CD. Results indicate that iPLA 2 β is involved in the secretion of sPLA 2 s from HMC-1, and suggest that iPLA 2 β-mediated release of sPLA 2 from intestinal MCs may contribute to CD pathophysiology. Ex vivo studies on isolated mucosal mast cells are however needed to clarify the precise role of MC PLA 2 s in the inflammatory processes of CD.

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Possible Involvement of Intracellular Calcium-Independent Phospholipase A2 in the Release of Secretory Phospholipases from Mast Cells—Increased Expression in Ileal Mast Cells of Crohn’s Disease