English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Heart valve cryopreservation was employed as a model for the development of complex tissue preservation methods based upon vitrification and nanowarming. Porcine heart valves were loaded with cryoprotectant formulations step wise and vitrified in 1−30 mL cryoprotectant formulations ± Fe nanoparticles ± 0.6 M disaccharides, cooled to −100 °C, and stored at −135 °C. Nanowarming was performed in a single ~100 s step by inductive heating within a magnetic field. Controls consisted of fresh and convection-warmed vitrified heart valves without nanoparticles. After washing, cell viability was assessed by metabolic assay. The nanowarmed leaflets were well preserved, with a viability similar to untreated fresh leaflets over several days post warming. The convection-warmed leaflet viability was not significantly different than that of the nanowarmed leaflets immediately after rewarming; however, a significantly higher nanowarmed leaflet viability (p &lt; 0.05) was observed over time in vitro. In contrast, the associated artery and fibrous cardiac muscle were at best 75% viable, and viability decreased over time in vitro. Supplementation of lower concentration cryoprotectant formulations with disaccharides promoted viability. Thicker tissues benefited from longer-duration cryoprotectant loading steps. The best outcomes included a post-warming incubation step with α-tocopherol and an apoptosis inhibitor, Q-VD-OPH. This work demonstrates progress in the control of ice formation and cytotoxicity hurdles for the preservation of complex tissues.

Ice Control during Cryopreservation of Heart Valves and Maintenance of Post-Warming Cell Viability