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Simple Summary  Current cancer testing gene panels tend to be comprehensive. One of the genes commonly included in the testing panels is  BARD1 . To establish whether  BARD1  mutations predispose to prostate cancer, we sequenced  BARD1  in 390 hereditary prostate cancer cases, genotyped 5715 men with unselected prostate cancer and 10,252 controls for three recurrent rare  BARD1  variants in Poland. We did not see an elevated prostate risk cancer given p.Q564X truncating mutation, p.R658C missense mutation and p.R659= synonymous variant. Neither variant influenced prostate cancer characteristics or survival. Our study is the first to evaluate the association between  BARD1  mutations and prostate cancer susceptibility. It is not justified to inform men about increased prostate cancer risk in case of identification of a  BARD1  mutation. However, a female relative of a man with a  BARD1  mutation may benefit from this information and be tested, because  BARD1  is a breast cancer susceptibility gene.    Abstract  The current cancer testing gene panels tend to be comprehensive rather than site-specific.  BARD1  is one of the genes commonly included in the multi-cancer testing panels. Mutations in  BARD1  confer an increase in the risk for breast cancer, but it is not studied whether or not they predispose to prostate cancer. To establish if  BARD1  mutations also predispose to prostate cancer, we screened  BARD1  in 390 Polish patients with hereditary prostate cancer. No truncating mutations were identified by sequencing. We also genotyped 5715 men with unselected prostate cancer, and 10,252 controls for three recurrent  BARD1  variants, including p.Q564X, p.R658C and p.R659=. Neither variant conferred elevated risk of prostate cancer (ORs between 0.84 and 1.15,  p -values between 0.57 and 0.93) nor did they influence prostate cancer characteristics or survival. We conclude that men with a  BARD1  mutation are not at elevated prostate cancer risk. It is not justified to inform men about increased prostate cancer risk in case of identification of a  BARD1  mutation. However, a female relative of a man with a  BARD1  mutation may benefit from this information and be tested for the mutation, because  BARD1  is a breast cancer susceptibility gene.

Do BARD1 Mutations Confer an Elevated Risk of Prostate Cancer?