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Zinc inhibits vascular calcification in vivo and in vitro. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus show hypozincemia and are at an elevated risk of cardiovascular events. Recently, an in vitro test (T 50 -test) was developed for determination of serum calcification propensity and a shorter T 50 means a higher calcification propensity. This cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum zinc and T 50 in 132 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with various kidney functions. Furthermore, the effect of exogenous zinc on T 50 was also investigated in vitro using separately pooled serum samples obtained from healthy volunteers and patients with hemodialysis. We measured T 50 levels using the established nephelometric method. The median (interquartile range) levels of T 50 and serum zinc were 306 (269 to 332) min, and 80.0 (70.1 to 89.8) µg/dL, respectively. Serum zinc level showed a weak, but positive correlation with T 50 ( r s  = 0.219, p = 0.012). This association remained significant in multivariable-adjusted analysis, and was independent of known factors including phosphate, calcium, and magnesium. Kidney function and glycemic control were not significantly associated with T 50 . Finally, in vitro experiments showed that addition of a physiological concentration of exogenous zinc chloride significantly increased serum T 50 . Our results indicate that serum zinc is an independent factor with a potential role in suppressing calcification propensity in serum.

biomedicines

Association between Serum Zinc and Calcification Propensity (T50) in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and In Vitro Effect of Exogenous Zinc on T50