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Gami-soyosan is a medicinal herbal formulation prescribed for the treatment of menopausal symptoms, including hot flashes and osteoporosis. Gami-soyosan is also used to treat similar symptoms experienced by patients with breast cancer. The incidence of breast cancer in women receiving hormone replacement therapy is a big burden. However, little is known about the components and their mechanism of action that exhibit these beneficial effects of Gami-soyosan. The aim of this study was to simultaneously analyze compounds of Gami-soyosan, and determine their cytotoxic effects on estrogen receptor (ER)-positive MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cells. We established a simultaneous analysis method of 18 compounds contained in Gami-soyosan and found that, among the various compounds in Gami-soyosan, gallic acid ( 1 ), decursin ( 17 ), and decursinol angelate ( 18 ) suppressed the viability of MCF-7 cells. Gallic acid ( 1 ), decursin ( 17 ), and decursinol angelate ( 18 ) induced apoptotic cell death and significantly increased poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage and the Bcl-2-associated X protein/ B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bax/Bcl-2) ratio. Decursin ( 17 ) increased the expression of cleaved caspases-8, -9, -7, and -3. Decursinol angelate ( 18 ) increased the expression of cleaved caspase-8 and -7. These three components altered the different apoptosis signal pathways. Collectively, gallic acid ( 1 ), decursin ( 17 ), and decursinol angelate ( 18 ) may be used to inhibit cell proliferation synergistically in patients with ER-positive breast cancer.

Analysis and Identification of Active Compounds from Gami-Soyosan Toxic to MCF-7 Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells