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To better understand the mechanism of nitrogen (N) distribution, absorption, utilization and loss in fertilizer under different tillage practices, a study was conducted to quantitatively explore the fate of fertilizer N in the soil–plant–atmosphere using the 15N labelling technique under the long-term conservation tillage experiment in Northeast China. The test crop used was corn. This study compared the residual amount of 15N fertilizer in soil, the content of 15N fertilizer N in particle organic nitrogen (PON), light fraction organic matter nitrogen (LFOMN) and heavy fraction organic matter N (HFOMN) under different tillage practices. In addition, N uptake, utilization and distribution by corn, the emission of N2O and the gas loss of fertilizer N, and the fertilizer N utilization rate were also taken into account. The results showed that no tillage (NT) had a significantly lower amount of residual 15N fertilizer than a moldboard plow (MP) (p   leave &gt; sheath &gt; stem &gt; bract &gt; ear; about 57.91–64.92% of 15N is distributed in the grain. NT resulted in significantly lower average and cumulative N2O emissions than those from MP based on the static closed chamber approach (p &lt; 0.05). The average and cumulative emissions of soil fertilizer 15N-N2O under MP were also significantly greater than that of NT. Among the N2O emissions, 15.3% and 22.98% came from fertilizer N under NT and MP, respectively. On average, 0.1–0.16% of fertilizer N was lost in the form of N2O. There was a significant difference in fertilizer utilization between NT and MP, and NT was 4.23% larger than MP (p &lt; 0.05). These one year findings suggest that NT plays a positive role in improving the N absorption and utilization of fertilizer in a Chinese mollisol and long-term effects need to be further studied.

No-Tillage Improvement of Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization in a Chinese Mollisol Using 15N-Tracing Method