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A new optical steganography scheme is proposed that transmits a stealth optical code14 division multiple-access (OCDMA) signal through a public binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) 15 channel. Polarization beam splitters and arrayed waveguide gratings are used to implement a 16 spectral-polarization coding (SPC) system with an incoherent optical source. We employ a Walsh– 17 Hadamard code as the signature code of the user who wants to transmit stealth information using 18 the system. A free space optical link applied to this system maintains the polarization states of light 19 during propagation. The secret data is extracted using correlation detection and balanced 20 subtraction in the OCDMA decoder of the intended receiver, and the other signal from the public 21 channel is reduced by the OCDMA decoder. At the demodulator of the public channel, BPSK 22 demodulation eliminates the stealth signal so that the public channel is not affected by the stealth 23 signal. The two signals cannot interfere with each other. The results of this study show that our 24 proposed optical steganography system is highly secure. The stealth signal can be favorably hidden 25 in the public channel when the average source power of the stealth signal, public noise, and public 26 signal are −5, −3, and 0 dBm, respectively. 27

Hiding Stealth Optical CDMA Signals in Public BPSK Channels for Optical Wireless Communication