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Thermal energy storage (TES) systems are key components for concentrated solar power plants  to  improve  their dispatchability and  for shifting  the energy production efficiently  to high revenue periods. The commercial state of  the art  is  the molten salt  two  tank storage  technology. However, this TES confronts some issues like freezing and decomposition, which require continued technical attention. Furthermore, the molten salt itself is very expensive compared to other storage materials. A TES option that possesses a high cost reduction potential and the ability to increase the whole power plant efficiency is the regenerator‐type energy storage. Here, a packed bed inventory of waste metallurgical  slag  from  electric  arc  furnace  (EAF)  can  achieve  further  cost  reduction. Despite previous studies regarding the use of steelmaking slag as an inventory material for thermal energy storages,  there are still basic questions  to be answered. This work presents experimental thermal performance and thermo‐structural stability studies of slag‐based TES, obtained during the European  project  REslag.  The  EAF  slag  and  different  insulation  options were  tested  for  their thermomechanical  strength  in  a uniaxial  compression  test  rig. The  thermal  cyclic behavior was investigated in a pilot TES plant with temperatures up to 700 °C. The experimental results confirm the suitability of steelmaking slag as  thermal energy  storage  inventory material. Furthermore, a comparison of experimental and simulation model results shows an agreement of over 90%.

Experimental Studies on Thermal Performance and Thermo-Structural Stability of Steelmaking Slag as Inventory Material for Thermal Energy Storage