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The article presents the optimization of supercritical CO 2 extraction (SFE-CO 2 ) parameters using response surface methodology (RSM) with central composite design (CCD) in order to produce single variety hop (cv. Ella ) extracts with high yield and strong in vitro antioxidant properties. Optimized SFE-CO 2 (37 MPa, 43 °C, 80 min) yielded 26.3 g/100 g pellets of lipophilic fraction. This extract was rich in biologically active α- and β-bitter acids (522.8 and 345.0 mg/g extract, respectively), and exerted 1481 mg TE/g extract in vitro oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Up to ~3-fold higher extraction yield, antioxidant recovery (389.8 mg TE/g pellets) and exhaustive bitter acid extraction (228.4 mg/g pellets) were achieved under the significantly shorter time compared to the commercially used one-stage SFE-CO 2 at 10-15 MPa and 40 °C. Total carotenoid and chlorophyll content was negligible, amounting to &lt;0.04% of the total extract mass. Fruity, herbal, spicy and woody odor of extracts could be attributed to the major identified volatiles, namely β-pinene, β-myrcene, β-humulene, α-humulene, α-selinene and methyl-4-decenoate. Rich in valuable bioactive constituents and flavor compounds, cv. Ella hop SFE-CO 2 extracts could find multipurpose applications in food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and cosmetics industries.

antioxidants

Optimized Supercritical CO2 Extraction Enhances the Recovery of Valuable Lipophilic Antioxidants and Other Constituents from Dual-Purpose Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) Variety Ella