English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Simple Summary  Boar taint is a meat quality issue that results from the accumulation of androstenone in the adipose tissue. During steroid synthesis, steroids such as androstenone undergo sulfoconjugation, a process that involves the attachment of a sulfonate group to enhance polarity. Androstenone sulfate is more abundant in the plasma than free androstenone and is suspected to enzymatically regenerate free androstenone in peripheral tissues such as the fat to indirectly contribute to boar taint development. In this article, we identified a specific membrane transporter that is responsible for the uptake of androstenone sulfate into the fat and confirmed that androstenone sulfate can enzymatically regenerate free androstenone within the adipose tissue. We also identified a positive relationship between the quantity of free androstenone enzymatically produced from androstenone sulfate and fat androstenone concentrations in early maturing boars. These results suggest that the production of free androstenone from androstenone sulfate may contribute to the development of boar taint in early maturing animals.    Abstract  Boars express high testicular levels of sulfotransferase enzymes, and consequently, the boar taint causing compound androstenone predominantly circulates as a steroid sulfate. Androstenone sulfate is suspected to function as a steroid reservoir that can be deconjugated to provide a source of free androstenone for accumulation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to characterize the uptake and deconjugation of androstenone sulfate in the adipose tissue of the boar. Real-time PCR was used to quantify the expression of steroid sulfatase (STS) and several organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) in the adipose tissue. Additionally, [ 3 H]-androstenone sulfate was incubated with adipocytes or supernatant from homogenized fat to assess steroid uptake and conversion, respectively. A positive correlation existed between OATP-B expression and androstenone sulfate uptake (r = 0.86,  p  = 0.03), as well as between STS expression and androstenone sulfate conversion (r = 0.76,  p  < 0.001). Moreover, fat androstenone concentrations were positively correlated (r = 0.85,  p  < 0.001) with androstenone sulfate conversion and tended to increase with STS expression in early maturing boars. This suggests that androstenone sulfate uptake and deconjugation are mediated by OATP-B and STS, respectively, which may influence the development of boar taint in early maturing animals.

The Uptake and Deconjugation of Androstenone Sulfate in the Adipose Tissue of the Boar