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Eighty Hundred individual's morning and evening milk samples were collected from sixteen Iraqi merize goat mothers for five weeks (35 days) milking and lactating period at spring season with climate temperature ranged between 14-23°C. Milk samples were analyzed for fat, protein, lactose, total solids (TS), and solid nonfat (SNF) percentages, and pH value. The general average of merize goat's milk composition were 3.91, 3.39, 4.60 , 85.52, 8.84, and 12.81% for fat, protein, lactose, water, SNF, and TS respectively. While the pH value was 6.73 at milking time. Those milk chemicals constituents were affected by the Merize goat age. Which affect all the milk chemical constituents, while the pH value was not affected with the goat's age. The fat and lactose of goat's milk distribution along the lactating period were elevated from the first week to the maximal values 4.95 and 4.73% respectively in the second and third weeks for fat and lactose alternatively, and then declined to the minimum values 3.31 and4.44% respectively at the fifth week of lactating period. While the milk water content was adversely proportional to the protein, SNF, and TS percentages. The water percent elevated from the minimum value 83.10% in the first week to the maximum value 87.25% in the fifth week, while the protein, SNF and TS were declined from the maximum values 3.78, 9.38, and 14.16% respectively in the first week to the minimum values 3.25, 8.42, and 11.20% respectively in the fifth week. The milk pH distribution value was elevated from 6.71 in the first to the maximum value 6.78 at the third week then declined to the minimum value 6.66 at the fifth week along the studied lactating period. Received: 3/6/2013, Accepted: 11/11/2013. INTRODUCTION Among all foods, milk is the most complete and balanced in nutritional contents (USDA, 1990). In Iraq, goats and merize (small animal body goats) are mostly lived with the sheep cattle's and widely spread in the northern region of Iraq specially the mountain region, and in few numbers in the meddle region. Goat's (including Merize) number reached at 2973000 animals in Iraq (Planning Ministry of Iraq, central statistical division (1976). From that time till now, there is no other information about the number, type, strain, and any studies about the Iraqi goats (unless the Ph.D. studies of Al-Hammdany in Baghdad University, on the Sannen and Al-Shami goats). The merize goat body weight is less than the normal goat mass weight; it is ranged between 12-15kgs. The Iraqi merize goat color is the white, red or brown and in some cases the black. The main purpose for merize production is the thin hair (mohair) production, which is mainly used for cloth, blancked, and carpet manufacturing, in addition, the merize goat used for the meat and milk production (Alkass and Abdul Razzak, 1982). The numbers of various breeds of goats (including نــٌدـفارــلا ةـــعارز ةـــلـجـم ( دلجملا 54 ) ( ددعلا 5 ) 7102 ISSN: 2224 9796 (Online) ISSN: 1815 316 X (Print) Mesopotamia J. of Agric. Vol. (54) No. (5) 7102 322 Merize goat) in the different areas and countries of the world are presented in the following Table (1): Area and country Million goats Area and country Million goats Africa: 204 North and Central America: 13 Sudan 37 Mexico 9 Nigeria 24 United states 1 Ethiopia 17 South America: 25 Asia: 439 Brazil 13 China 138 Argentina 3 Iraq* 3 Europe: 18 India 121 Greece 6 Pakistan 49 Spain 3 Bangladesh 33 All the Word: 700 Source: Anonymous, (1998). * Planning Ministry of Iraq, central statistical division (1976). There are five major kinds of domesticated goats and Merize goat: 1-The dairy goats. 2-The angora (mohair) goats. 3-The meat goats. 4-The cashmere goats. 5-The pygmy goats (Devendra and MarcaBurns, 1983). Milk produced by dairy goats differs from other domesticated animals milk in that all carotene has been converted into Vit. A in goat milk. The type of curd formed from goat's milk is different from the curd of the other animals milk, because of differences in the major caseins; milk fat in goat's milk is in smaller globules than in other's milk, does not rise or coalesce as readily, and fatty acids. Goat's milk is more readily digested and assimilated by people and animals, because of these differences (Taylor and Field, 2001). Chemical composition of Merize goat milk: The studies of the chemical composition of goat milk was very few, on the other hand, it was absent for the small body goat breed (merize goat), therefore, this study considered to be the first one in Iraq. Recently the Merize goat milk and meat were economically considered to be a benefit values. Jenness and Sloan (1970) reported that the percentage of goat milk total solid, fat, protein and lactose was 13.2, 4.5, 2.9, and 4.1% respectively. The goat milk fat percent was ranged between 3.1 7.7%. Many researches were concluded that, the chemical composition of the goat milk was affected by the goat breed, seasons of the year, climate temperature, feeding on the concentrate materials or grazing on the plants and branches of trees, as well as the goat milk total solids and fat percent were lower values at summer season, especially when goat grazing on plants. While the goat milk total solids and it fat contents elevated at winter and spring, especially when feeding on the concentrate materials (Alkass and Abdul-Razzak, 1982). The milk chemical composition of Turkey Angora Merize goat were 6.0, 4.4, 4.8 and 15.17% for fat, protein, Lactose, and TS, respectively (Devendra and MarcaBurns, 1983). Influence of mother age on the milk chemical composition: The effect of parity and goat age of doe on milk yield are well established. Amble and Jacobi (1959) analyzed 800 lactation records and they found that, milk yields declined from the first to the second lactation, then rose to the fifth, then declined in later lactations. Milk production in the fifth lactation was less than in the first. The data of Mittal et al., (1977) indicated that, milk yields of four years mother age was higher than the yields of younger does. Singh and Acharya (1980) using 3829 lactation records from 1439 Beetal does breed. They found that milk yield was maximum in the third lactation, and نــٌدـفارــلا ةـــعارز ةـــلـجـم ( دلجملا 54 ) ( ددعلا 5 ) 7102 ISSN: 2224 9796 (Online) ISSN: 1815 316 X (Print) Mesopotamia J. of Agric. Vol. (54) No. (5) 7102 323 then declined in the fourth and fifth lactation period. Despite variation in detail, there is a degree of consensus that milk yield reaches a maximum by four or five years old, and does not fall drastically for at least a further three years. Years of age and lactation number do not of course always coincide, particularly breeds which may kid more than once per year, but almost the breeds currently regarded as milk breeds are annual breeders. Few studies showed that, the goat mother age at the delivery time affected the quantity of milk yields, as well as, maximum amount of milk production especially when the goat age reached 15 months, then declined with the continuous aging(Alkass and Abdul-Razzak, 1982). Therefore, the milk yields quantity negatively proportional with the age mother (Alkass and Abdul-Razzak, 1982). In other studies for the Australian goat, Sannen and Toggenburg breeds, the milk production reached the maximum quantity at goat age ranged between 5-7 years (Ronningen, 1964; Alkass and Abdul-Razzak, 1978). The aim of this study firstly was to know the normal milk chemical composition of merize goat lived in Iraq under the tropical Iraqi climate conditions, in normal feeding, and grazing. Secondly was to evaluate the effect of merize mother goat age on its milk chemical constituents. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight hundred individuals morning and evening of daily milk samples were separately collected from sixteen merize goat mothers (white, black, red, and brown hair breed colors) for five weeks (continuously 35 days) milking and lactating period at spring season (march, 2002) in climate temperature ranged between 14-23° C lived in the Nimrod Institute animal farm / Nineveh state. Merize goat mothers aged 2-5 years old and doe body mass ranged between 12-14 kgs, representing all the doe's mothers in this farm at that time. All the animals were apparently healthy. Those goat mothers were daily fed about 2% of the body weight feeding materials which represented 45% grazing pasture and 55% concentrate ration and straw ad labium (Haenlein, 1999). Representative milk individuals separate samples were quantitatively analyzed daily for the fat by using the original Gerber method according to the British Standard Institution, (1951). Total solids (TS.) were determined according to Ling (1963). Solids nonfat (SNF) was calculated by difference between TS and fat. Protein was determined as milk total nitrogen by the semi-microkjeldahl method according to the Anonymous (A.O.A.C., 1980). Lactose percent was determined according to Anonymous (A.O.A.C., 1980) method. In addition, milk pH value estimated by using the (CORNIN Model 10) pH meter with a glass double electrode. Statistical analysis: All the data were statistically analyzed for the means character of milk chemical constituents using the variance analysis and standard error for those means using the multiple range tests according to Steel and Torrie (1980) following the computer spss program. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table (2) showed the milk chemical composition of merize goat individual mothers for five week lactating period. All the goat milk constituents are significantly (p< 0.05) differed with differencing individual mothers and constituents values along the lactation period, These differences were agreed with the conclusion of Mittal (1978); Verma and Chawla (1983), they concluded that, the milk composition of نــٌدـفارــلا ةـــعارز ةـــلـجـم ( دلجملا 54 ) ( ددعلا 5 ) 7102 ISSN: 2224 9796 (Online) ISSN: 1815 316 X (Print) Mesopotamia J. of Agric. Vol. (54) No. (5)

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MILK CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MERIZE (Capra abegar sp.) AND MILK CONSTITUENTS DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LACTATING SEASON IN MOSUL AREA AND THE EFFECT OF MOTHER AGE ON IT